Ecosystem may be defined as a unit or system that includes the entire organism in a given area interacting with the physical environment so that a flow of energy leads to clearly define tropic structure, biotic diversity and material cycle.
It is the sum of communities and nonliving environment in area where interdependencies on each other exists. An ecosystem consists of various components and it can be recognized with different characteristics. The main characteristics of ecosystem are listed below:
1. The nature of ecosystem (ecosystem as several fundamental characteristics)
2. An ecosystem as structure: living and non living part.
3. An ecosystem as process: energy flow and chemical element cycling.
4. An ecosystem changes over time through a process called succession.
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